针对孤独症儿童安抚干预的理论与方法

Theory and Method of Stroking Intervention for Children with Autism

孤独症是病因不明、影响患者一生的发育性疾病。尽管对视能力训练、言语模仿能力训练、社会性游戏训练,甚至这些方法的整合等都是治疗孤独症的有效方法,但因在治疗过程中时常会出现沟通问题,这些方法的治疗效果也因此削弱。为提升康复治疗的效果,本文引入安抚理论,分析孤独症儿童的行为特点,绘制安抚图。结果发现,孤独症儿童经常要求和接受正面安抚,同时表现很多负面安抚。据此,研究者为医护人员和父母提供能够有效应对孤独症儿童的安抚建议。

Autism is a developmental disease with unknown etiology, which will affect autistic children through all the life. Although some therapeutic method, such as the training of the eye contact ability, speech imitation, social games, etc., and even the integration of all above methods are effective for the treatment of autism, however, the communication problems frequently appear in the process of treatment, and the effect is weakened extremely. In order to promote the effect of rehabilitation, this article introduced the stroking theory and analyzes the basic characteristic of behavior for autistic children, then drew the stroking profile. The result showed that autism children often require and accept the positive stroking, and at the same time, they show a lot of negative stroking. The researcher provided a series of effective advice on stroking for medical staff and parents in respond to the autistic children.