奥克托今炸药在低温条件下的化学失效研究（英文）

Study on chemical failure of HMX under low temperature condition

为了使未爆弹药失去爆炸能力,本文对导爆药、传爆药的主体炸药奥克托今进行了化学失效研究,旨在寻求相应化学试剂使得奥克托今能够被分解成不具有爆炸性质的化合物。通过分析奥克托今与氢氧化钠、浓硫酸(单一酸)以及混酸在不同温度条件下的分解实验,确定了奥克托今低温条件下被降解的最佳化学药剂组分及不能被引爆的分解程度:体积比为3∶1的浓硝酸与浓盐酸的混酸溶液能够分解奥克托今,且当分解程度达到60%以上时,炸药已经不能被雷管引爆,从而达到失效的目的。

In order to make unexploded ordnance lose explosive ability,the chemical failure of HMX that is usually used as detonating explosive and booster was studied so as to find the corresponding chemical reagents,which can decompose HMX into compounds without explosive properties.For this purpose,several decomposition experiments between HMX and NaOH,HMX and thick H2 SO,HMX and mixed acid under different temperature conditions were carried out.According to the experimental results,it can be concluded that HMX can be decomposed by a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated nitric acid with the volume ratio of 3∶1.When its decomposed level reaches 60%,HMX will not be detonated,therefore the failure purpose is achieved.