沈阳城区雨水径流中重金属的空间分布规律研究

Spatial distribution regularity of heavy metals in stormwater runoff of Shenyang

为了探究沈阳市地表雨水中的重金属含量的空间分布特征以及雨水中重金属的来源,选取沈阳市8个具有代表性的地点作为采样点,对地面雨水径流中的铁、锰、铜、锌、铅、镉、砷等重金属元素含量进行测定,并运用主成分分析方法对测试结果进行了分析。结果表明,铁、锰、铜、锌、铅为主要成分,其中铁的含量占7种重金属含量的68.686 2%,锰含量占18.463 0%,铜含量占8.877 3%,锌含量占3.484 9%,铅含量占0.483 3%。运用模糊聚类分析方法对地表雨水径流中的重金属含量进行了空间分布规律的研究,其中火车站与中街地表雨水径流中重金属含量高,三好街、制药厂、热电厂及立交桥四者地表雨水径流中重金属含量较高,公园与小区地表雨水径流中重金属含量较低,通过分析可以推断出地表雨水径流中的重金属可能来源于土壤灰尘和交通车辆。

In order to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal content and the source of heavy metal in the surface rainfall runoff in Shenyang,eight representative locations were selected for sampling points in Shenyang. The contents of heavy metals,such as iron,manganese,copper,zinc,lead,cadmium,arsenic and other heavy metals were determined in surface rainfall runoff,and the principal component analysis method was adopted to analyze the test results. The results indicated that the main ingredients were iron,manganese,copper,zinc and lead. The iron contents accounted for68. 686 2% of seven kinds of heavy metal content,manganese accounted for 18. 463 0%,copper accounted for 8. 877 3%,zinc accounted for 3. 484 9% and lead accounted for 0. 483 3%. The spatial distribution regularity of heavy metal content was studied in surface rainfall runoff by fuzzy clustering analysis method. The contents of heavy metal in surface rainfall runoff were high in the railway station and Middle Street,the contents of heavy metal were relatively high in Sanhao Street,pharmaceutical factory,thermal power plant and overpass,and the contents of heavy metal were relatively low in park and residential areas. According to the analysis,it could deduce that the heavy metal in surface rainfall runoff might be derived from soil dust and transportation vehicles.