下一代机载网络技术评述

An Overview of Next Generation Airborne Networks

随着航空平台的更新换代并向着信息化、智能化的方向发展,当前以地面为中心的航空通信系统无法适应信息时代的航空通信需求.基于航空自组网技术的下一代机载网络可以有效提高飞行器的环境感知能力、飞行协调能力以及航行的效率和安全性.航空自组网是由各种飞行器所组成的一种特殊的移动自组织网络,因此,其除了存在普通无线网络一些固有问题之外还具有许多独有的特性,包括节点的高速运动、频繁的拓扑变化、机械和空气动力学约束、极高的安全需求和恶劣的通信环境等.首先概括了下一代机载网络的基本定义和体系结构;然后,对机载网络的特点和技术挑战进行了介绍,并分析了网络设计中的一些关键技术问题及其研究现状;最后,对文章进行了总结和概括.

As airborne platforms are upgrading and evolving towards informatization and intellectualization, current ground-based airborne communication systems cannot satisfy the requirements of the information age. Based on technologies of aeronautical ad hoc networks which are special types of ad hoc networks formed by airborne platforms, next generation airborne networks can enhance situational awareness, flight coordination, and flight efficiency in aviation. Compared to ground networks, next generation airborne networks have some unique attributes including high node mobility, frequent topology changes, mechanical and aerodynamic constrains, strict safety requirements, and harsh communication environment. In this paper, the architecture of next generation airborne networks is introduced firstly. Secondly, the main characters of the airborne networks are analyzed and the technical challenges in network design are also proposed. Thirdly, the key technical problems in the networks is investigated and briefly analyze its current research situation. Finally, the conclusions and the future works are given.