贯筋藤新型凝乳剂的研究

Study on the New Resource of Milk Coagulant from Dregea sinensis(Hemsl.)

利用云南特色植物资源贯筋藤,开发一种新型凝乳剂。以贯筋藤茎秆为原材料,提取其有效凝乳成分,优化提取工艺,并对生产的贯筋藤凝乳剂进行感官和理化性质测定,探究其应用于羊奶乳饼标准化生产及其加工的乳饼质量。结果表明,贯筋藤凝乳剂生产的最佳工艺是：贯筋藤→敲断→20倍水浸泡（60℃,30 min）→过滤→离心（5 000 r/min,15 min）除杂→旋转蒸发浓缩至10%→凝乳剂。提取的凝乳剂呈红棕色,有轻微的焦糖味和涩味,其密度为1.012 g/mL,能溶于水,不溶于甘油,与乙醇反应生成沉淀,具有较高的耐热性,有效耐热温度可达85℃,pH为8.6-8.8。将其应用于乳饼标准化生产的最适凝乳温度是85℃,最适添加量为原料奶的1.5%,加工的乳饼感官总分为26.8,成品率为14.89%,两指标均显著高于传统酸凝乳饼。贯筋藤植物凝乳剂活性高,加工的乳饼质量优,是一种新型的凝乳剂,具有较高开发价值。

A new milk coagulant was developed,using the characteristics of plant resources from Dregea sinensis（Hemsl.）in Yunnan province.This article firstly based on the stalk of Dregea sinensis as material,extracting its active milk-clotting ingredient,optimizing the extraction process,detecting the sensory and physicochemical properties of milk coagulant from Dregea sinensis,exploring the milk cake quality.Access to these technologies can be applied to goat milk cake standardized production and processing.The results showed that the best extracted condition to produce Dregea sinensis milk coagulant as follow：The Dregea sinensis stalks were knocked off,20 times more water immersion（60 ℃,30 min）,centrifuged（5 000 r/min,15 min）,impurity,concentrated by rotary evaporation to 10%milk coagulant.This kind of milk coagulant was extracted and its color was reddish brown.It had a slight caramel flavor and astringency,the density was 1.012 g/mL,could be dissolved in water,insoluble in glycerol,and with reaction ethanol generated precipitation and high heat resistance,efficient heat temperature was up to 85℃,pH was 8.6-8.8.The coagulant could be applied to goat milk cake standardized production and optimal temperature was 85℃,optimum dosage of raw milk was 1.5%,produced milk cake total score of sensory was26.8.The rate of finished milk cakes made with this coagulant was 14.89%,all of the two indicators were significantly higher than traditional milk cake made with orotic acid water.Dregea sinensis milk coagulant has a higher milk-clotting activity and produced milk cake have good quality.This kind of new plant of Dregea sinensis was high milk clotting activity and had a great potentiality to be developed as a milk coagulant.