1～17岁人群肱骨小头前倾角的变化规律研究

Change regulation of capitulum humeri anteversion in the population aged 1 to 17 years

目的 探讨1-17岁人群肱骨小头前倾角随年龄增长的变化规律。方法 选取1-17岁人群680例（男性340例,女性340例,1-17岁男女各20例）摄标准肘关节正侧位X光片,利用Dicom Viewer软件,按照骨骺线垂直平分线法测量每一例肱骨小头前倾角,采用升降趋势的Cox-Stuart检验,分析肱骨小头前倾角随着年龄增长的变化规律。结果 随着年龄的增加,1-17岁男、女性及男女总体肱骨小头前倾角呈降低趋势（P〈0.05）。男性在〈9岁时肱骨小头前倾角呈降低趋势明显,≥9岁时肱骨小头前倾角呈40°左右,趋于稳定。女性在〈7岁时肱骨小头前倾角呈降低趋势明显,≥7岁时肱骨小头前倾角呈40°左右,趋于稳定。男女总体是在〈8岁时肱骨小头前倾角呈降低趋势明显,≥8岁时肱骨小头前倾角呈40°左右,趋于稳定。5-〈6岁、6-〈7岁及7-〈8岁年龄段男性肱骨小头前倾角明显大于同龄女性（P〈0.05）,男性在其余年龄段及1-17岁总体的肱骨小头前倾角与女性比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。1-〈8岁组男性、女性、男女总体肱骨小头前倾角明显大于8-17岁组（P〈0.05）。结论 1-17岁人群,随着年龄增大及生长发育,肱骨小头前倾角逐渐由大变小,在8岁趋向稳定在40°左右,且男女性趋向稳定在40°左右时的年龄不一致。

Objective To explore the change regulation of capitulum humeri anteversion with age in the population aged 1 to 17 years. Methods Six hundred and eighty cases aged 1 to 17 years included 340 males and 340 females, and there were 20 cases for the males or the females at each age. All cases underwent the standard X-ray radiography of elbow anteroposteriody and laterally. The capitulum humeri anteversion was measured separately for each case in accordance with the perpendicular bisector method of the epiphyseal line by DicomViewer software. The change regulation of capitulum humeri anteversion with age was analyzed using Cox-Stuart test. Results For the males ,the females and the population aged 1 to 17 years, the capitulum humeri anteversion showed a trend of reduction with age （P 〈 0.05 ）. The capitulum humeri anteversion tended to reduce obviously in the males younger than 9 years old ,but tended to be stable at about 40°aged 9 years or older. The capitulum humeri anteversion tended to reduce obviously in the females younger than 7 years old, but tended to be stable at about 40° aged 7 years or older. The capitulum humeri anteversion tended to reduce obviously in the population younger than 8 years old, but tended to be stable at about 40° aged 8 years or older. At the age ranges of 5 to 〈 6 years, 6 to 〈 7 years and 7 to 〈 8 years, the eapitulum humeri anteversion in the males were greater than that in the females （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The capitulum humeri anteversions of the cases at the other age ranges showed no statistical differences between the males and the females, so was the eapitulum humeri anteversion of the population aged 1 to 17 years（ P 〉 0.05 ）. For the males, the females and the population, the capitulum humeri anteversion in the group aged 1 to 〈 8 years was greater than that in the group aged 8 to 17 years （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion For the population aged 1 to 17 years ,the capitulum humeri anteversion reduces gradually with increasing age, growth and development, and is stable at about 40°at the age of 8 years. However, the age when the anteversion is stable at about 40 °in the males differs from that in the females.