军事飞行员睡眠质量与职业压力的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of sleep quality and occupational stress among military pilots

目的调查军事飞行员的睡眠质量和职业压力特点及两者的相关性。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）量表、军人职业压力量表（MOSS）和一般情况调查表,对空军某部96名飞行员进行调查,同时选取100名空军地勤人员作为对照组。结果 1飞行员PSQI总分为（7.89±4.32）分,明显高于对照组（6.52±3.45）分,各因子中入睡时间、睡眠效率和日间功能障碍明显高于对照组（P〈0.05或0.01）。2飞行员MOSS总分以及人际关系、军旅特殊生活、工作压力和压力情景得分显著高于对照组（P〈0.05或0.01）。3飞行员PSQI总分与MOSS压力总分、人际关系、军旅特殊生活、婚姻家庭、工作压力及压力情景呈显著正相关（r=0.21~0.46,P〈0.05或0.01）。结论军事飞行员存在较多睡眠问题,职业压力是影响军事飞行员睡眠质量的一项重要因素,应有针对性睡眠教育和心理干预。

Objective To investigate the correlation of sleep quality and occupational stress among military pilots.Methods 96 pilots from an Air Force unit were investigated by means of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI） scale,Military Occupation Stress Scale（MOSS） and general questionnaire,and 100 Air Force ground crew were selected as control group.Results 1 PSQI total scores of the pilots were（7.89 ±4.32）,which were significantly higher than the control group（6.52 ±3.45）.The factors of fall-sleep time,sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction were significantly higher than the control group（ P 〈0.05 or 0.01）. 2 MOSS total scores and relationships,military special life,work pressure and stress scenario score of the pilots were significantly higher than the control group（ P 〈0.05 or 0.01）. 3PSQI total scores and MOSS pressure scores,relationships,special military life,marriage and family,work pressure and stress scenario scores were in significantly positive correlation（r =0.21 ~0.46, P 〈0.05 or 0.01）.Conclusion Military pilots have many sleep problems,and occupational stress is an important factor affecting sleep quality for military pilots,who should be given purposeful sleep education and psychological intervention.