视网膜脱离患者心理状况调查及影响因素分析

Surveys of psychological status and analyses of influencing fac- tors in patients with retinal detachment

目的探讨视网膜脱离患者的焦虑抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法对82例择期手术的视网膜脱离患者应用状态一特质焦虑问卷及抑郁自评量表评定焦虑抑郁状况，并对不同资料患者的焦虑抑郁状况检测结果进行对比分析。结果本组患者状态焦虑阀卷、抑郁自评量表总分均显著高于全国常模（P〈0．05或0．01），其中43．9％的患者状态焦虑问卷总分〉41分，45．1％的患者特质焦虑问卷总分〉42．3分，中、重度抑郁情绪检出率为41．5％。不同职业、焦虑特质、视网膜脱离时间、另眼视力情况及另眼术前最佳校正视力的视网膜脱离患者焦虑检出率比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05或0．01），不同家庭类型、焦虑特质视网膜脱离患者抑郁检出率比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论视网膜脱离患者焦虑抑郁情绪明显高于普通人群，患者的焦虑特质、另眼视力情况及家庭支持状况是罹患焦虑抑郁的影响因素。

Objective To explore anxious-depressive status and influencing factors in patients with retinal detachment （RD）. Methods Anxious-depressive conditions were assessed with the State-trait Anxiety In- ventory （STAI） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） in 82 RD patients undergoing elective operation, detection results of anxious-depressive conditions eontrastively analyzed among patients with different da- ta. Results Patients＇ total scores of the STAI and SDS were significantly higher compared with national norm （P〈0.05 or 0.01）, the total score of the STAI was 〉41 in 43.9% of patients, 〉42.3 in 45.1%, and the detection rate of moderate and severe depressive emotions 41.5%. There were significant differ- ences in the detection rates of anxiety among patients with different occupations, anxiety trait, RD time, other eye vision and other eye pre-operative best corrected vision （P〈0.05 or 0.01） and in those of de- pression among ones with different family types and STAI scores （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Anxious-de- pressive conditions are notably higher in RD patients compared with general population, influencing factors of suffering from anxiety-depression are anxiety trait, other eye vision and family support.