对“S+X+死我了”句式的语义探讨

A Semantic Study on the "S+X+SI WO LE" Sentence Pattern

"S+X+死我了"是汉语口语中使用频繁的一个句式,它生动、简洁地抒发了说话人的强烈思想感情。从结构层面看,该句式的宾语"我"和补语"死"是固定成分,主语S与谓语X则为可变成分;从语义层面看,狭义同构的"S+X+死我了"句子,不同的主语S可造成句式的语义差异;从语用层面看,句式中的程度补语"死了"具有不可替代性。

＂S＋X＋SI WO LE＂ is a sentence pattern used frequently in Chinese spoken language, which vividly expresses the strong feelings of the speaker. From the aspect of syntactic structure, we can see that the object WO（I） and the complement SI are fixed components, while the subject S and predicate X are variable components; From the semantic level, different subject S could cause the semantic differences of the sentences; From the perspective of pragmatics, the complement SI in the sentence could not be replaced because of its strong expressive effects.