因果力流失了吗?

Do Causal Powers Drain Away?

心理因果性问题是当代心灵哲学中的一个前沿性问题。金在权基于因果排除论证指出,非还原唯物主义的心理因果性理论遇到了"先占威胁",即心理的因果有效性最终会被物理的因果有效性排除。内德·布洛克认为,由于是否存在物理学的底层是一个开放的问题,因此如果按金在权的思路推导下去,必然会得出不存在任何因果关系的荒谬结论。另外,金在权并未对其所支持的"多因素决定"观提供令人信服的理由,他在论证中所使用的层次概念也有歧义性,他用于支持排除原因的分割策略也有待证明,因此他对非还原唯物主义的批判并不成立。

The problem of mental causation is an important issue in contemporary philosophy of mind.Kim argues according to the causal exclusion argument that the mental causation of non-reductive materialism is threatened by preemption, namely that causal validity will be excluded by physical validity in the end. Ned Block claims that because it is an open question whether there is or is not a bottom level, something is wrong with Kim's causal exclusion argument. Besides, Kim owes us a reason for supporting 'over-determination', and the 'level' in his argument also has ambiguity. Kim uses the fragmentation strategy to shore up the exclusion principle, but the fragmentation strategy also needs to be justified. As a result, it is concluded that his criticism towards non-reductive materialism is not established.