中共太行区民兵组织与农民国家意识的形成

On the Militia in Taihang Anti-Japanese Base and Formation of Peasants' National Consciousness

20世纪以来,中国农民和乡村社会发生了前所未有的巨变,国家权力不断向乡村渗透。当时的农民大多处于乡土性为主、受现代性冲击的生存状态之下,对国家政权几乎是一无所知。此时中国共产党在广大的敌后根据地建立了民兵组织,并成功地运用民兵的军事性与群众性相结合的特点,首先使民众(主要是农民)获得切身利益,切实感到国家政权与自身利益的密切关系,中共通过民兵仪式的建构,使农民自下而上地感知到国家权力在基层社会中的作用,进而使农民融入到共产主义意识形态和革命话语的结构之中。

Since the twentieth century, Chinese peasants and the rural society are undergoing a hitherto un- known change with state power being penetrated into rural areas. At that time, farmers were living mostly at the lo- cal areas hut had affected by modernity at the same time, therefore, they didn＇t almost know the state power. As an external force, the Communist Party of China established the militia in the vast base behind enemy lines and used successfully the strategy of combining military and masses, which firstly made people （ mainly farmers） obtain vital interests and really sensed the close relationship between the state power and their interests. Secondly, by construc- ting the militia ceremonies, the Communist Party of China made the farmers perceive the role of the state power in the grass-roots society, and then made the peasants fit into the structure of the Communist ideology and the revolu- tionary discourse.