典型黑土区主要水保树种土壤水文效应研究

Soil Hydrological Effect of the Main Soil and Water Conservation Tree Species in Typical Black Soil Region

对典型黑土区的主要水土保持树种林下枯枝落叶层、土壤水分物理性质进行了分析研究,结果表明:随着土层深度的增加,造林地土壤总孔隙度减小容重增大,未造林地无明显变化,白皮柳林下平均土壤容重最小,总孔隙度最大,改良土壤效果最明显,依次为长白落叶松、小黑杨、樟子松;各树种土壤渗透性能均好于未造林地,其中白皮柳土壤渗透性能最好;营造水土保持林可有效增加土壤蓄水、透水能力,各树种土壤水文效应综合评价结果是白皮柳和长白落叶松优于小黑杨和樟子松。

Based on determination of litter layer and the physical properties of the main soil and water conser- vation tree species in typical black soil region, the results indicate that the soil bulk density increases and the total porosity reduces with the increase of soil depth, but no obvious change is found in the bare land. The soil bulk density is the minimum and the total porosity is the biggest under Salix pierotii forest, then soil improvement effect is most obvious, followed by Larix olgensis, Populus xiaohei, Pinus sylvestris var. Soil permeability is better under all kinds of trees than no trees, among them, soil permeability is the best under Salix [ierotii forest. Soil and water conservation forests can effectively increase the soil water storage and permeable ability. The comprehensive evaluation results about soil hydrology effect show that Salix pierotii forest or Larix olgensis Henry is better than Populus xiaohei or Pinus sylvestris var.