基于信息熵与空间洛伦茨曲线的土地利用结构变化——以阿克苏地区为例

Changes of Land Use Structure Based on Information Entropy and Spatial Lorenz Curves——A Case Study of Aksu Prefecture

基于阿克苏地区各县(市)1996年,2013年土地利用变更数据应用信息熵、均衡度、优势度以及空间洛伦茨曲线对阿克苏地区土地利用结构进行了量化分析,研究了阿克苏地区9个县(市)两个时期7种主要地类的土地利用结构,这对于阿克苏地区土地利用结构合理化与土地利用可持续发展具有重要指导意义。结果表明:(1)阿克苏地区土地利用结构信息熵在空间尺度上差异明显,总体上可以分为信息熵高值区、信息熵中值区、信息熵低值区,三者的土地利用结构均衡度逐步降低。(2)阿克苏地区未利用地、林地和草地分布最不均衡,园地次之,城镇村及工矿用地、交通运输用地和耕地相对均衡(比较分散);在时间尺度上,只有草地的不均衡程度有所减弱,耕地、园地、林地、城镇村及工矿用地、交通运输用地、未利用地都有所增加。这说明阿克苏地区各县(市)7种主要用地类型的空间分布及其时间变化均具有不均衡性。该结论可为阿克苏地区土地利用结构优化提供参考,为国土资源的可持续发展战略提供决策依据。

Based on the land use data of each county from 1996 to 2013, we introduced the concept of information entropy, equilibrium degree, dominance index and Lorenz curve to analyze the land use structure in Aksu Prefecture. The land use structure allocation of seven major land use types in 9 counties was studied in Aksu Prefecture, which is of great significance to guide land use reasonably and sustainable development of land use. The conclusions are drawn as follows. （1） The information entropy of land utilization in Aksu Prefecture differed distinctly, which could be divided into three regions such as high information entropy district, middle information entropy district and low information entropy district; equilibrium level of land use structure increased gradually in pace with the three regions. （2） The most unbalanced lands were the unused land, the forestland and grassland, followed by the garden land and urban village and industrial land and unused land, the transportation land and the cultivated land were balanced over time; the unbalanced degree of grassland decreased, while those of the cultivated, garden, forest, urban village and industrial, transportation and unused lands exhibited an opposite trend. Thus, the distribution of seven major land use types is temporally and spatially unbalanced in Aksu Prefecture. This result can be helpful for structural optimization of land use in this region.