不同水势对温室水果黄瓜产量和水分利用效率的影响

Effects of Different Water Potential on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Mini-cucumber

以水果黄瓜中农29号为试材,以基质水势(SWP)为指标,于开花后设置9个处理,采用称重法监控水势变化,研究不同水势条件对水果黄瓜产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,-25 k Pa<SWP≤0 k Pa范围内的植株生长趋势基本相同,其中,当-5 k Pa<SWP≤0 k P(T1)时,植株有徒长趋势,株高a、茎粗和单株叶片数等指标均最大,但是产量和水分利用效率却小于-10 k Pa<SWP≤-5 k P(T2)的处理;当a-35 k Pa<SWP≤-30 k P(T7)时,植a株受到严重的水分胁迫,从各项指标可以看出,该处理30 d后植株长势明显趋缓,甚至停止生长。由此得出,-10 k Pa<SWP≤-5 k P(对应的灌水量为a 795.38 m3/hm2)为温室水果黄瓜花后应保持的适宜水势范围,此水势范围下的产量和水分利用效率分别为44 630.13 kg/hm2和56.11 kg/m3。

Nine substrate water potential （SWP） treatments were designed in this study and changes of SWP were monitored by weighing method. Mini-cucumber （Zhongnong 29） was employed as experimental material and water treatment was conducted during its post-flowering growth stage to study the effects of different water potential on yield and water use efficiency of mini-cucumber. The results demonstrated that the trends of crop growing were similar under conditions of -25 kPa 〈 SWP〈~O kPa and when SWP varied in -5 kPa 〈 SWP≤0 kPa （T1）, all external indices （plant height, stem diameter and leaf number per plant） were maximum, but yield and water use efficiency were lower than the values in -10 kPa 〈 SWP≤-5 kPa （T2）. Under conditions of-35 kPa 〈 SWP≤-30 kPa （T7）, mini-cucumber encountered severe water stress and all external indices decreased significantly. Thus, water potential condition of -10 kPa 〈 SWP≤-5 kPa （corresponding irrigation amount was 795.38 m3/hm2） was appropriate for post-flowering growth of reenhouse mini-cucumber, and the yield and water use efficiency were 44 630.13 kg/hm2 and 56.11 kg/m3, respectively.