岭南师范学院大学生乙肝防治知识认知态度行为调查

Survey on cognition attitude and behaviors of hepatitis B among students of a college

目的了解岭南师范学院大学生对乙型肝炎(乙肝)相关防治知识、态度、行为的掌握情况,为大学生健康保健提供科学依据。方法随机抽取4个年级大学生423人,其中男生190人,女生233人,采用匿名方式填写问卷调查。结果大学生乙肝相关知识知晓率为75.18%,其中乙肝传播途径知识知晓率女生高于男生,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.02,P<0.01)。对待乙肝行为态度中,男生知晓率高于女生,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.19,P<0.01)。乙肝基本知识和预防知识中男、女生间无比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大四学生乙肝基本知识知晓率高于大一学生,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.06,P<0.01)。大四学生乙肝传播途径知晓率高于大一学生,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.16,P<0.01)。大四学生乙肝预防知识知晓率高于大一学生,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.96,P<0.01)。对待乙肝的行为态度大四和大一学生比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。城镇学生乙肝传播途径知晓率高于农村学生,两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.18,P<0.05)。在乙肝基本知识、预防知识、对待乙肝的行为态度上,城镇和农村学生差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大学生对乙肝相关知识有一定了解,但知识结构不全面,不同年级男女学生及不同地域学生的乙肝防治认知态度行为各有差异,应该进一步普及宣传乙肝相关知识,增加健康教育课堂,加强大学生对乙肝的预防保健意识,消除大学生对乙肝的歧视。

Objective To understand the grasping situation of university students of Lingnan Normal College for the related prevention and treatment knowledge,attitude and behaviors of hepatitis B to provide the scientific basis for their health care.Methods 423 students were randomly extracted from 4different grades,including 190 males and 233 females,and filled in the questionnaire by anonymity mode.Results The awareness rate of hepatitis B was 75.18%,in which the awareness rate of hepatitis B transmission route in females was higher than that in males,the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=9.02,P〈0.01）.For the attitude and behaviors on hepatitis B,males had higher awareness rate than females,the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=23.19,P〈0.01）.For the basic knowledge and prevention knowledge on hepatitis B,there was no statistical difference between males and females（P〉0.05）.For the basic knowledge on hepatitis B,the students from grade 4had higher awareness rate than the students from grade 1（χ^2=10.06,P〈0.01）.The similar situation occurred in the knowledge of hepatitis B transmission route（χ^2=9.16,P〈0.01）and prevention（χ^2=9.96,P〈0.01）of hepatitis B.No statistically significant differences in the behaviors and attitude to hepatitis B existed between grade 4students and grade 1students.For the transmission routes of hepatitis B,the awareness rate in urban students was higher than that in rural students,the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=6.18,P〈0.05）.The basic knowledge,prevention knowledge as well as behavior and attitude to hepatitis B had no statistically significant differences between urban students and rural students.Conclusion The university students have some related knowledge on hepatitis B,but the knowledge structure is incomplete,different grades of male and female students and different areas of students have difference in the cognition,attitude and behaviors to hepatitis B.Therefore should further popularize and propagandize the hepatitis B related knowledge,increase the health education class,strengthen the preventive and health care consciousness on hepatitis B and eliminate the university students′discrimination on hepatitis B.