舍饲云岭母牛生长性能变化规律研究

Study on the Changing Rule of Growth Performance of Yunlin Cow at Stall Feeding

[目的]为了解舍饲云岭母牛的生长规律及肉用性能。[方法]试验对不同年龄阶段的舍饲母牛体重、体尺指标和肉用指数(BPI)进行了比较分析。[结果]表明:舍饲云岭母牛的体重和各项体尺指标(除坐骨端宽外)的增长速度以0~6月龄最高,体重、体斜长、前高、胸围、腰围、腰角宽和臀围的相对增长极显著高于后期各个阶段(P<0.01),以体重的增长速度为最快,此后,随着月龄的增长体重体尺生长强度逐渐减弱,各项体重体尺指标随着牛月龄的增加而增加。云岭母犊体长的生长速度在6~12和30~60月龄明显快于体高,在18、24和30月龄间体长生长速度稍快于体高,在0~60月龄的各个生长阶段内,体前高和体后高基本保持了相同的生长速度。从0~18月龄这个阶段,胸宽的相对发育程度比胸深快,从24月龄后胸宽和胸深基本保持了相同的发育速度。在6~30月龄内胸部的发育要快于髋部和腰部的发育,30月龄以后,髋部和腰部的发育要快于胸部的发育。[结论]:云岭母牛的体重、体尺变化符合草食动物的生长发育规律,根据其生长发育规律进行科学饲养,能获得较好的养殖效益。

[Objective]The aim of this study was to learn the rule of growth and development and meat performance of Yunlin Cow at stall feeding. [Method]The body weight, body size and BPI of Yunlin cow were determined and compared at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48 and 60 month old. [Result]The result were showed as follows： the growth rate of body weight and all body length indexes in Yunlin cow were fastest at 0~6 month, and the relative growth rate of some indexes were significantly higher than those of the lat- er phases（P^0.01）, such as body weight, body slanting length, height at withers, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip width and hip circumference. The relative growth rate of body weight was the fastest during 0--6 month. From now on, with the growth of age, the growth rate of body weight and body size was gradually decrease, and the body weight and size indexes were increasing. The growth rates of body length in Yunling cow were significantly faster than that of body height at the age of 6~ 12 month and 30~60 month, and the growth rate of body length was slightly faster than that of height at the age of 18, 24, 30 month. Moreover, the body height at withers and hip cross were on the same growth speed at the age of 0~60 month. The relative growth of chest width was faster than that of chest depth at the age of 0~18 month, and the chest depth and width were on the same growth at the age of 24~60 month. The growth rate of chest was faster than that of waist and hip at the age of 6~30 month, and the growth rates of waist and hip were faster than that of chest after the age of 30 months. [Conclusion]The changes of Yunling＇s body weight and body size were in accord with the rules of growth and development of herbivore. Based on the growth and development rules of Yunling cow, scientific feeding would yield better culture benefit.