荷斯坦犊牛冬季饲养环境控制技术标准

Feeding Environment Control Technology Standards of Holstein Calves in Winter

调查研究并分析总结寒冷地区荷斯坦犊牛饲养环境技术标准,给犊牛尽可能提供舒适的生活环境。当犊牛舍温度低于13℃、湿度大于75﹪,且通风不良时,若犊牛排泻物不及时清理,会造成犊牛舍氨气浓度大于19.5mg/m3,导致犊牛腹泻和呼吸道疾病显著增多,而目前寒冷地区冬季犊牛圈舍远不能满足犊牛生长环境需要,造成犊牛成活率不高,因此,不断提高犊牛成活率已经成为生产实践中急需解决的难题。本文章旨在进一步研究探讨提高犊牛冬季饲养环境控制技术标准,创新管理理论,为完善犊牛冬季饲养环境控制技术标准体系提供一定理论依据。

We investigated and analyzed the technical standards about rearing environment of Holstein calves in cold areas, which aimed to provide calves an environment as comfortable as possible. When the temperature of calf barn was below 13 ℃, the humidity was greater than 75%, and the ventilation was poor, it would cause that the ammonia concentration of calf cowshed was greater than 19.5 mg/m^3 if calf waste was not cleared up,. At the same time, incidences of calf diarrhea and respiratory disease were sig nificantly increased, and the current calf houses in cold winter area were far unable to meet the needs of calf growth environment, which resulted the calf survival rate was not high. So, improving the survival rate of calves had become an urgent problem in the process of production and practice. This article was de- signed to further study ways of improving winter feeding calves environmental control technology stand- ards, innovation management theory, as well as to provide a theoretical basis for prefer environmental con trol technology standards.