水稻亲本对所配组合的米质性状影响

Analysis of Influence on Quality Traits of Rice Varieties from Their Parents

应用9个不育系和6个恢复系通过不完全双列杂交进行配组,所得的54个组合和这6个恢复系即为本文的研究材料,就它们的出糙率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、直链淀粉<干基>、胶稠度和粒型<长宽比>这7项米质指标进行了分析。结果表明,不同不育系组配的组合系列间的7项米质性状差异最大,多数达到了极显著水平。不同恢复系组配的组合系列间的7项米质性状之间差异较小,多数差异不显著;而恢复系本身之间的7项米质性状差异却较大。说明恢复系本身的米质特征在所配组合中难表达或表现较少,不育系对所配组合的米质特征起到了决定性作用。本研究还表明,根据优质米对7项米质指标的要求来看,9个不育系中川谷A、中浙A和宜香1A所配组合多数能达到优质米标准,是选育优质杂交水稻的理想不育系。

The application of 9 CMS lines and 6 restoring lines through incomplete diallel cross combination,54 combination varieties were taken as research materials in this paper,and their 7 quality indexes of brown rice rate,head rice rate,chalky grain rate,chalkiness degree,amylose content,gel consistency and grain type（ length / width） were analyzed. The results showed that the 7 quality traits difference of series of varieties with different sterile lines was the biggest,to the most significant level. The 7 quality traits difference of series of varieties with different restoring lines was a little,the majority of the difference was not significant,the little difference reached significant level; And the 7 quality traits the difference between restorer line itself was large,the quality characteristic of restorer lines in the varieties of difficult to express or show less,grain quality characteristics of the breed sterile lines played a determining role. The study also showed that in accordance with the high quality rice of 7 quality requirements,in 9 male sterile lines Chuangu A,Zhongzhe A and Yixiang 1A with the majority of species could reach high quality rice standards,and was the ideal male sterile line in high quality breeding of hybrid rice.