贵州旱地菜-菜-菜模式对土壤微生物区系和氮素养分的影响

Effects on Soil Microbial Flora and Nitrogen of Cropping Mode of Vegetables-VegetablesVegetables for Three Crops a Year in Dryland of Guizhou

为探讨贵州旱地菜-菜-菜一年三熟高效种植模式对土壤微生物区系和氮素养分的影响,对大方县连续3年蔬菜高效种植模式下的土壤微生物区系和氮素养分的变化进行分析。结果表明：与农民传统模式相比,蔬菜高效种植模式短期内（3 a左右）土壤微生物总数增加2.44~2.92倍,细菌总数占微生物总数的百分率净增加0.09%~0.21%,土壤全氮、硝态氮无明显差异,碱解氮有增加的趋势,平均增加9.0%~50.6%,土壤脲酶活性无明显差异。两种种植模式下土壤铵态氮与脲酶活性在一定范围内有较好的相关性（R2=0.706~0.940）。

In order to explore the effects of the efficient planting mode vegetables-vegetables-vegetables three times a year on soil microbial flora and nitrogen nutrients in dryland of Guizhou,the authors analyzed the changes in microbial flora and nitrogen nutrients under vegetable efficient planting mode for three consecutive years in Dafang County. Results： Compared with the traditional planting model of farmers,the total number of soil microbes increased by 2. 44- 2. 92 times in the short term（ about 3 years） under the vegetable efficient planting mode,percentage of the total bacteria in the total number of microorganisms net increased by 0. 09 %- 0. 21 %,soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen had no significant difference,the basic nitrogen tends to increase with an average increase of 9. 0 %- 50. 6 %,the urease activity had no significant difference. Between the two planting modes,the ammonium nitrogen and soil urease activity within a certain range had a good correlation（ R2= 0. 706- 0. 940）.