氮水耦合对黑龙江西部覆膜玉米生长及产量的影响

Effects of Combinations of Nitrogen and Water on Growth and Yeld of Plastic Mulching Maize in Western Heilongjiang Province

氮素和水分是玉米生长的两个重要因素,为了明确氮水耦合对黑龙江西部玉米生长的影响,并提出最佳灌水量和施氮量,在田间条件下采用水肥一体化的施肥模式对覆膜玉米氮水耦合效应进行了研究。结果表明:在拔节期、大喇叭口期、孕穗期,玉米SPAD值和地上部分干物质积累量以N3处理最高;在灌浆期、成熟期玉米SPAD值和地上部分干物质积累量W1N3处理(灌水量384.62 m^3·hm^(-2)、施氮量180 kg·hm^(-2))最高。玉米产量最高的处理为W1N3,经济效益最佳的水氮组合为W1N1(灌水量384.62 m^3·hm^(-2)、施氮量120 kg·hm^(-2))。W1N1处理为当地节水节肥最佳水氮组合。

Nitrogen and water are two important factors on maize growing. In order to know the effects and optimal level of combinations of nitrogen and water on maize growth in western Heilongjiang province, the effects of this on plastic mulching maize were researched. The results showed that the maize SPAD value and dry matter of above ground accumulation was the highest in N3 treatment of jointing stage, large bell, booting;the maize SPAD value and dry matter accumulation of above ground were the highest in W1N3 （water 384.62 m3·hm-2, nitrogen 180 kg·hm-2） treatment of filling stage and mature. The highest maize yield was W1N3, and the best combination of water and nitrogen for the economic benefits was W1N1 （water 384.62 m3·hm-2, nitrogen 120 kg·hm-2）. The W1N1-saving treatment for the local water and nitrogen fertilizer was the best combination.