宽幅播种对冬小麦群体质量及产量的影响

Effects of Wide Belt Planting on Population Quality and Yield in Winter Wheat

为了研究宽幅播种对冬小麦群体质量及产量的影响,在大田试验条件下,研究了宽幅播种(播幅8cm)不同带间距7cm(KF7)、12cm(KF12)和17cm(KF17)对小麦群体质量及产量的影响。结果表明:相比于常规条播(CK),宽幅带播种植方式的群体数量和叶面积指数均显著增加,其中以KF7处理最高,KF12次之。生物量和产量性状的带间距效应因品种而异,多穗型品种矮抗58干物质生产量、产量、穗粒数及千粒重的带间距效应均以KF12最高,KF17次之;大穗型品种兰考矮早8干物质生产量、穗粒数及产量的处理间差异则为KF7处理最高,其次KF12,而千粒重则为KF17最高,KF12次之,CK最低。研究表明,相比于CK,多穗型品种矮抗58以KF12处理进行管理,大穗型品种兰考矮早8以KF7处理进行管理,各自增产效果明显。本研究可为小麦宽幅播种选择适宜的带间距配置方式提供理论依据。

In order to clarify effects of spacing interval on the population quality and yield in winter wheat under wide belt planting,a field experiment with three spacing interval patterns of 7 cm（ KF7）,12 cm（ KF12） and 17cm（ KF17）） for wide belt planting methods with 8cm strip width and 20 cm（ CK） for conventional planting methods with2-cm strip width was carried out in the experiment station of Hennan agricultural university in the growing seasons of2011- 2012. Two types of cultivars,i. e,multi-spike cultivar（ Aikang 58）,large-spike cultivar（ Lankao Aizao 8）which were widely planted in Henan province were used to investigate the effects of spacing interval on population quality and yield. Results indicated that compared with conventional strip planting methods,population numbers,leaf area index,and KF7 〉KF12〉 KF17 dry matter accumulation,spike number,grain weight,and yield of two type cultivars were significantly increased under wide belt planting. To multi-spike cultivar Aikang 58,the effect for grain number per spike,1 000-grain weight and grain yield followed the order of KF12 〉KF17〉 KF7. Leaf area, dry matter accumulation,grain weight and grain yield were the highest in large-spike cultivar Lankao Aizao 8 under treatment KF7.According to the above results,it can be concluded that wide belt planting methods can be used as feasible and promising planting patterns in wheat production,and 12 cm spacing intervals patterns under wide belt planting is suitable to multi-spike cultivar Aikang 58 as well as the 7cm spacing intervals patterns to the large-spike cultivar Lankao Aizao 8.In the actual field production management,multi-spike cultivar（ Aikang 58） can be sowed with spacing interval patterns of 12 cm（ KF12）,and large-spike cultivar（ Lankao Aizao 8） with the spacing interval patterns of 7 cm（ KF7）.