广州市社区精神卫生预防和康复医务人员工作压力和职业满意度调查分析

Investigation on community mental health prevention and rehabilitation medical personnel's job stress and the level of satisfaction in Guangzhou

目的探讨广州市社区精神卫生预防和康复医务人员的工作现状、满意度水平,为广州市精神卫生立法在保障卫生人力资源发展的政策上提出理论依据。方法 2014年4月对广州从事精神疾病防治工作的279名社区精防医生进行问卷调查,收集不同人口特征的医务人员的工作压力、职业满意度现状,计量资料采用t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果广州市社区精防医务人员工作压力评分为(45.03±12.26)分,不同年收入医务人员的工作压力评分[(47.23±12.39)、(45.29±11.97)、(39.32±10.97)、(35.73±6.89)分]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。职业满意度评分为(34.25±7.39)分,不同年龄、学历、年收入医务人员职业满意度评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。工作压力评分与工作满意度呈负相关(r=-0.683,P<0.05);职业满意度与激励缺失压力(r=-0.576)、工作环境和氛围(r=-0.328)、不稳定造成的压力(r=-0.239)、工作本身及负荷度(r=-0.176)均呈负相关;"工作外在满意度"和"工作内在满意度"与整体工作压力评分呈均负相关(r=-0.533、-0.429,P<0.05)。结论根据医务人员对工作的满意度情况,应采取针对性的管理措施及激励机制,提高医务人员工作积极性,从而提高医疗服务质量,促进精神卫生事业的持续健康发展。

Objective To put forward the theory basis for mental health legislation in Guangzhou by further investigation of community medical staff＇s work situation and the level of satisfaction. Methods 279 community medical staff was surveyed by questionnaires in April 2014. Work stress,career satisfaction of different population characteristics were collected,Measurement data was processed by t test,variance analysis and Pearson correlation analysis,P〈0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results The score of medical staff＇ work stress was（ 45. 03 ± 12. 26）. The scores of work stress among medical staff with different income were（ 7. 23 ± 12. 39）,（ 45. 29 ± 11. 97）,（ 39. 32 ± 10. 97）,（ 35. 73 ± 6. 89）,and the difference was significant difference（ P〈0. 05）. The score of career satisfaction was（ 34. 25 7. 39）,there were-significant difference among medical staff with different age,education and income（ all P〈0. 05）. Work stress was significant positive correlative with career satisfaction（ r =- 0. 683,P〈0. 05）. The lack of incentives（ r =- 0. 576）,as well as the working conditions and the working atmosphere（ r =- 0. 328）,instability（ r =- 0. 239）,workloads（ r =- 0.176） showed negative correlations with the career satisfaction. There was significantly negative correlation between work stress and extrinsic career satisfaction,intrinsic career satisfaction（ r =- 0. 533、- 0. 429,P〈0. 05）. Conclusions According to the medical staff＇ career satisfaction situation,to improve medical staff＇ working enthusiasm,the corresponding management measures and incentive mechanism should be adopted,which improve the quality of medical service,thus promote the sustained and healthy development of mental health.