GDNF对神经干细胞增殖、分化的影响

The Influence of GDNF on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells

神经干细胞（neural stemcells，NSCs）具有如下特点：（1）可以向神经组织分化或源自神经系统的一部分。（2）具备维持和更新的自主能力。（3）可通过细胞分裂增殖。以上特点决定了它的应用价值，被公认为治疗阿尔茨海默氏病，帕金森氏症，脊髓损伤，中风等神经退行性疾病的最佳方案。用干细胞治疗癌症，免疫相关性疾病，和其他疾病被认为是很有创新的新疗法，可能有一天会扩展到修复和补充大脑损伤。胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（glial Cellline-derived neurotrophic factor，GDNF）为TGF-β超家族的一员，具有很强神经保护作用，大量实验研究证实GDNF可促进帕金森病大鼠模型的中脑神经干细胞定向分化为多巴胺能神经元，同时大量实验发现其可促进神经干细胞增殖及分化，为神经干细胞的应用奠定了基础。

Neural stem cells （neural stem cells, NSCs） has the following characteristics： （1） differentiate to generate to nerve tissue or from the part of the nervous system; （2） the ability to independently maintain and update; （3） proliferation by cell division. NSCs is recognized as the best solution to treat Alzheimer＇s disease, Parkinson＇s disease, spinal cord injury, stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases. It is considered to be very innovative new therapies with stem cells to treat cancer, the immune-related diseases and others which can be extended to repair and replenish brain damage one day. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor （GDNF） is a member of TGF-[3 superfamily, has a strong neuroprotective effect with a large number of experimental studies have confirmed that the GDNF could promote the progress of disease in rat model with Parkinson＇s disease by differentiating the neural stem cells into the dopaminergic neurons, while other experiments have found that it might promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. GDNF has laid the foundation of the application of neural stem cells.