国际水协会河流水质模型1号(RWQM1)述评

Review on international water association river water quality model no.1

剖析河流水质模型1号(RWQM1)的建模背景、设计思路、基本框架与建模方法,认为RWQM1从技术层面和建模方法上对当前水质模型进行了重大调整,提供了全新的水质模型框架,作为未来水质建模的科学标准,RWQM1的标准化设计思路包括:1较全面地划分水质组分,统一水质组分的表述方式;2基于严格的化学计量方程实现对水质转化过程及其动力学的数学描述,确保反应物、产物的物质守恒;3将各种水质过程通过化学计量矩阵的形式实现模型的结构化表达。结构化的思路使得RWQM1水质模型具有灵活、适用性广等特点,但过于复杂的状态变量、缺乏强大的软件平台等问题,在一定程度上限制了RWQM1水质模型的推广。

Through systematic analysis over the background,theories,framework and modeling approach of river water quality model no. 1（ RWQM1）,it is believed that RWQM1 has a great adjustment on the current water quality model from the aspects of technology level and modeling method,providing a new standard for future water quality modeling. As the scientific standard for future water quality modeling,the standardized design routine of RWQM1 includes： 1 defining a wide range water quality variables and standardizing the terminology of these variables; 2 providing stoichiometric formulas with strictly mass balance among water quality variables; 3 using Peterson matrix among water quality processes to structuralize water quality models. The structuralized routine makes RWQM1 model flexible and applicable. However,problems including the complexity of variables and processes and lacking software platforms powerful enough for RWQM1 potentially limited its further popularization.