三种不同养殖模式对草鱼肝胰脏结构与功能的影响

Effects of three aquaculture models on hepatopancreas structure and function of grass carp

以全程摄食颗粒饲料、颗粒饲料＋苏丹草和浮萍、苏丹草和浮萍三种不同养殖模式的草鱼（初始体重为0．25～0．30g；终末体重为50～100g）为实验对象，对其血液生化指标、肝胰脏指数、肝胰脏脂肪含量、肝胰脏组织学结构、肝胰脏超微结构等指标进行了测定与观察。结果表明：摄食饲料＋苏丹草和浮萍组的草鱼肝脏组织、细胞结构均较为正常，血清中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性最低，白蛋白含量及碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性最高；单独摄食苏丹草和浮萍组的草鱼肝脏组织和细胞形态正常，但白蛋白含量较低，个体消瘦；单独摄食饲料组的草鱼，脂肪在肝脏细胞中大量蓄积，致使肝脏细胞坏死，肝脏功能下降。

In the present study,grass carps respectively fed with pellet feed,pellet feed + grass and grass were used to investigate the effects of different aquaculture models on hepatopancreas structure and function of grass carp( initial weight was 0. 25 ~ 0. 30 g and final weight was 50 ~ 100 g). The blood biochemical index,hepatopancreas index,fat content of liver and pancreas,histological structure,and ultrastructure of hepatopancreas were determined. The results showed that:the liver tissue and cell morphology of exclusively feeding grass was normal,and serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were the lowest while the content of albumin and the activities of alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were the highest. Due to ingested more protein and fat,grass carp ingested pellet feed,lead to fat accumulation in liver cells,necrosis of liver cells and liver function decline. Grass carp ingested pellet feed + grass,whose liver tissue and cell structure are more normal,and the blood biochemical index analysis are the most healthy.