脑梗死患者压疮危险因素研究

Research on risk factors of pressure ulcer in patients with cerebral infarction

目的了解脑梗死患者压疮的现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法将2014年1-12月该院收治的164例脑梗死患者分为压疮组25例和无压疮组139例,比较两组患者在年龄、性别、体质量指数、合并疾病、住院时间、清蛋白水平、Braden得分、意识障碍、残障评定量表（MRS）及Barthel指数评定量表（BI）等方面的差异,采用logistic回归分析压疮发生的相关因素。结果两组住院时间、清蛋白水平、意识障碍、合并慢性疾病、Braden得分、MRS得分和BI得分对脑梗死患者压疮发生有显著影响（P〈0.05或0.01）;logistic回归分析显示,合并慢性疾病、意识障碍、BI得分及Braden得分对脑梗死患者压疮发生有显著影响（P〈0.05或0.01）。结论合并慢性疾病、意识障碍、BI得分及Braden得分是压疮发生的危险因素,采取有效措施可降低压疮发生率。

Objective To understand the status quo of pressure ulcer（PU） in the patients with cerebral infarction and to investigate its influence factors. Methods Total 164 cases of cerebral infarction in our hospital from January to December 2014 were divided into the PU group（25 cases） and none-PU group（139 cases） according to occurrence of PU. The differences in age,sex,body mass index,comorbidities,hospitalization time,plasma albumin level,consciousness disorders,Modified Rankin Scale（MRS） and Barthel index（BI） rating scale were compared between the two groups. The Logistic regression analysis was adopted for analyzing the PU occurrence related factors. Results The hospitalization time,plasma albumin level,consciousness disorders, complicating chronic diseases,Braden score and BI score were the risk factors of PU occurrence（P〈 0.05 or 0.01）;the Logistic regression analysis showed that complicating chronic diseases,consciousness disorders,BI score and Braden score had significant influence on the PU occurrence in the patients with cerebral infarction（P〈 0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion Complicating chronic diseases,consciousness disorders,BI score and Braden score are the risk factors of PU occurrence in the patients with cerebral infarction and adopting effective countermeasures could reduce the incidence of PU.