不同病因肝硬化临床特征对比分析

Contrastive analysis on clinical characteristics of different etiologies of liver cirrhosis

目的比较不同病因肝硬化的临床特征。方法选择该院2011年2月至2015年2月收治的肝硬化患者390例,其中乙型肝炎(乙肝)后肝硬化患者130例,酒精性肝硬化患者130例及原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者130例。对比三组患者一般资料、临床表现情况。结果乙肝后肝硬化组患者男性占多数[65.38%(85/130)],而酒精性肝硬化组全部为男性;且两组患者平均年龄比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。原发性胆汁性肝硬化组女性患者占多数[79.23%(103/130)],且平均年龄显著高于乙肝后肝硬化组和酒精性肝硬化组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乙肝后肝硬化组患者农民和工人占多数[26.92%(35/130)、28.46%(37/130)],酒精性肝硬化组干部和商人比例较高[34.62%(45/130)、44.62%(58/130)],两组职业分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者在乏力、黄疸、皮肤瘙痒、腹痛、肝掌、呕血、黑便及精神症状等方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同病因肝硬化患者性别、年龄、职业分布、症状表现均不同,临床应注意相应的治疗侧重点,提高临床疗效。

Objective To compare the clinical characteristics of different etiologies of liver cirrhosis. Methods 390 cases of liver cirrhosis treated in our hospital from February 2011 to February 2015 were selected,including 130 cases of post-hepatitis B cirrhosis,130 cases of alcoholic cirrhosis and 130 cases of primary biliary cirrhosis. The general information and clinical manifes-tations situation were compared among 3 groups. Results Males were the majority of the patients in the post-hepatitis B cirrhosis group[65.38%（85/130）],while all the patients in the alcoholic cirrhosis group were male. The mean age had no statistical difference between these two groups（P〈 0.05）;the female patients accounted for the majority of the primary biliary cirrhosis group[79.23%（103/130）],moreover their average age was significantly higher than that in the post-hepatitis B cirrhosis group and the alcoholic cirrhosis group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈 0.05）. The peasants and workers accounted for the majority of the posthepatitis B cirrhosis group[26.92%（35/130）,28.46%（37/130）],while the cadres and businessmen had the higher proportion in the alcoholic cirrhosis group[34.62%（45/130）,44.62%（58/130）],the difference in the occupational distribution between these two groups was statistically significant（P〈 0.05）. The three groups had statistical differences in the aspects of hypodynamia,jaundice,skin itch,abdominal pain,liver palm,hematemesis,melena and psychiatric symptoms（P〈 0.05）. Conclusion The patients with different etiologies of liver cirrhosis have differences in the aspects of gender,age,occupational distribution and symptom manifestations,therefore clinic should pay attention to the corresponding treatment emphasis for increasing the clinical efficacy.