徐州市云龙区2011—2014年小学生常见病检出情况及分析

Analysis of Common Diseases in Elementary Students in Yunlong District of Xuzhou from 2011 to 2014

目的了解徐州市云龙区小学生健康状况及其发展趋势,为制定本区学校卫生工作规划提供科学依据。方法收集2011—2014年本区小学卫生情况年报表数据,采用Excel 2007、SPSS 17.0统计软件进行描述性分析和χ2检验。结果2011—2014年本区小学生视力低下、龋齿、超重和肥胖及沙眼平均检出率分别为44.9%、29.3%、25.1%和2.1%,其中视力低下、超重和肥胖检出率呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05),龋齿、沙眼检出率呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.05)。城市小学生常见病平均检出率最高的是视力低下,且视力低下、超重和肥胖平均检出率均高于农村小学生(P<0.05);农村小学生常见病平均检出率最高的是龋齿,且龋齿、沙眼平均检出率均高于城市小学生(P<0.05)。结论视力低下、龋齿及超重和肥胖是本区小学生主要的健康问题,应区分城乡差异,加大开展学校健康教育力度。

OBJECTIVE To realize the common diseases prevalence in the pupils in Yunlong District of Xuzhou,and propose corresponding health care measures.METHODS The data were recruited from the annual healthy report of elementary students from 2011 to 2014.Statistical analysis was performed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0.RESULTS The average detection rate of poor eyesight,dental caries,overweight and obesity and trachoma from 2011 to 2014 was 44.9%,29.3%,25.1%and 2.1%respectively.The tendency analysis showed that detection rate of poor eyesight,overweight and obesity increased by year（P〈0.05）.Conversely,the detection rate of dental caries and trachoma decreased yearly（P〈0.05）.The average detection rate of poor eyesight was the highest among pupils in urban schools,and dental caries rate was the highost in rural schools.Chi-square analysis showed that the average detection rate of poor eyesight,overweight and obesity were higher than rural school pupils significantly（P〈0.05）,instead,the rate of dental caries and trachoma were higher in rural school pupils（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION Targeted health education measures for poor eyesight,dental caries,overweight and obesity should be carried out in urban schools and rural school according to their characteristics.