农村低保制度是否存在瞄准误差--基于农村老年人经验分析的制度评价

Is There Targeting Error in the Rural Minimum Living Standard Security System——Based on the Evaluation of the Rural Elderly's Empirical Analysis

农村低保制度实施效果一直存在争论,其中最主要的争论集中在获得低保者是否符合低保要求,即低保制度的瞄准出现误差。基于农村老年人调研数据,以身份地位和社会网络是否有效影响低保获得作为检验低保是否存在瞄准误差的标准。在控制其他人口、经济社会变量基础上,回归发现,个人社会身份并没有显著影响农村老年人低保获得,而社会网络支持水平回归结果则显示,社会网络水平相对较低者更可能获得低保。回归结果表明,农村低保在老年人中的分配没有受到身份地位的影响。稳健性检验进一步证明了上述结果的稳定性。结论是,农村低保在老年人中的分配是基本合理的,不存在瞄准误差。在研究结论基础上,提出了完善农村低保制度相关对策建议。

There are many controversies among the effects of the implementation of the rural minimum living security system. Among them, the most important controversy is focused on whether the receptionists size up the dibao requirements, that is, are there targeting errors in the dibao system. On the basis of rural elderly research data, we use status and social network level as the standard to check that are there targeting errors in the dibao system. On the basis of controlling other demographic and socio -economic variables, the regression results found that individual social identity did not significantly influence individuals to obtain the minimum living security. However, the regression results of social network support level show that people with lower level of social networks are more likely to get the minimum living standard security. The regression result shows that the distribution of dibao among the elderly is not influenced by the status. Robustness test proved the above results further： The distribution of dibao among the elderly is reasonable, and there are no targeting errors. On the basis of research conclusions, we put forward some related thoughts and suggestion.