农民工的社会形象提高了吗?——以北京市民对两代农民工的评价为例

Dose Migrant Workers' Social Image Have Been Improved?:Research Based on Beijing Citizens' Appraise to Two Generations of Migrant Workers

农民工的社会形象关涉城市社会对农民工群体的认知与评价,并在一定程度上折射城市社会对农民工群体的认同情况。按照社会融入的要求,新生代农民工的社会形象要优于老一代农民工。用北京市民对两代农民工的评价数据对此予以检验。在北京市民的眼中,新生代农民工在现代城市文明特质上的得分与老一代农民工相比有所提高,但其在传统农业文明积极特质上的得分显著下降,并且后者的下降程度远远大于前者的提高程度,这导致北京市民对新生代农民工的综合评价明显低于其对老一代农民工的综合评价。由此可见,相较于老一代农民工,新生代农民工的总体性社会形象不仅没有提高,反而显著下降。研究结果提示,城市社会对农民工群体的社会认同有待提高,农民工的市民化道路仍任重道远。

Social image of migrant workers is related to urban society＇ s cognition and appraise to them. According to the logic of social evolutionism and social integration, the new - genera- tion migrant worke＇ social image should be better than that of the old - generation. Based on survey conducted in Beijing, the research finds that, compared with the old- generation, the new -generation＇ s scores evaluated by Beijing citizens increase in city civilization characters but decrease remarkably in traditional agricultural civilization characters, and the level of decrease is bigger than the level of increase. As a result, the comprehensive assessment of Beijing citizens to the new - generation migrant workers is lower than that to the old - generation. In other words, the new -generation migrant workers＇ social image degenerates obviously. The results remind us migrant workers＇ social identification by urban society need to be raised and migrant workers＇ urbanization has a long way to go.