河北省短畦灌溉与长畦灌溉的冬小麦资源利用效率和效益比较

Comparison on Resource Utilization Efficiency and Benefit between Short Border Irrigation Mode and Long Border Irrigation Mode in Hebei Province

为了提高河北省生产资源的利用效率,采用对比试验和综合评价的方法,对当前该省冬小麦生产上常用的2种主要灌溉方式(短畦灌溉、长畦灌溉)的冬小麦资源利用效率和效益进行了比较。结果表明:短畦灌溉农田的水资源生产率以及小麦产量和综合效益均高于长畦灌溉,有效氮素淋洗损失低于长畦灌溉,短畦灌溉方式的资源效益较高。基于此,作者建议从社会基础建设、物质基础建设、组织基础建设、管理机制4个方面采取措施改革灌溉方式,促进节水农业的发展。

In order to improve the utilization efficiency of production resource of winter wheat in Hebei Province, the resource utilization efficiency and benefit comparison study between short border irrigation and long border irrigation that are the main irrigation modes in current production was conducted with comparing test methods and comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that the WUE, yield, benefit of short border irrigation mode were all higher than that of long border irrigation mode.The nitrate leaching loss of the short border irrigation mode was less than the long border irrigation mode.Resource efficiency of the short border irrigation mode was higher.Therefore,the article suggests to change irrigation mode in social infrastructure,material base,organizational basis,management mechanism that improve the development of water-saving agriculture.