原住民文化物品遣返原居地的人类学反思

Anthropological Introspection on Returning the Cultural Articles to the Original Residents' Place

文化物品对于民族精神的凝聚以及维护民族文化的尊严具有重要意义,理解原住民文化物品的社会意义需要通过其社会本土语境知识阐释来实现。这些物品携带着非西方社会特殊人群及社会的信仰体系,有其内在固有的精神价值体系。如果将原住民物品从原住民社会挪动而置于一种"脱境"的语境之中,其所携带的知识意义就会发生变迁乃至失去其原本真实的意义。非西方社会原住民人工制品是物还是艺术?是文化抑或是"非文化"?西方社会是否应将非西方社会的物品遣返其故土?相关论争成为当今人类学界一场经典论争。许多人类学家将原住民人工制品置于一种遭遇、缠结、敞开的语境中,展开了深刻的对话和反思。

Cultural articles are of great importance in cohering national spirit and safeguarding national cultural dignity. As for understanding the social meaning of the original residents＇ cultural articles, it can be realized by explaining the social local context. These articles are in a belief system that differs from the special groups in western society, inside which there is an inherent spirit value system. The knowledge meaning these articles have will change and even lose, i[ we move them away to a context ＂far from the right circumstance＂. Are the artifacts o{ the non--western original residents stuff or art？ Culture or ＂non --culture＂？ Should western society return the non--western ~irticles to their original place？ These related issues became classic in anthropological field. Lots of anthropologists made the original residents＇ artifacts in a context of encounter, entanglement and openness, and make dialogue and introspection toward this.