不同病原体导致婴幼儿肺炎临床特点分析

The Different Clinical Characteristics Analysis of Infantile Pneumoiainduced by Different Pathogens

目的 观察不同病原体导致婴幼儿肺炎的临床特点. 方法 选取2014年10月~2015年4月我院收治的133例肺炎患儿,年龄均为3岁以内,回顾性分析所有患儿临床资料. 将其按病原体不同分为病毒性肺炎组（ A组,共27例） ,细菌性肺炎组（ B组,共24例） ,肺炎支原体肺炎组（ C组,20例） ,肺炎支原体合并病毒感染所致的肺炎组（ D组,40例） ,肺炎支原体合并细菌感染所致的肺炎组（ E组,22例） ,分析不同病原体所引起婴幼儿肺炎的临床表现,胸片,肺外并发症及住院时间差异. 结果 5个实验组中,D组喘息明显高于其它组,与A组、C组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）. A组及D组胸片中出现小片状阴影的比例比其它3组高,两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,两组与C组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）. 5组肺外并发症比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,D组引起肝功损害、心肌损害、胃肠道损害及惊厥症状与其它4组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）. 5组住院时间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）. A组住院时间与C组、E组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）. 结论 不同病原体导致的婴幼儿肺炎临床特点不同,尤其是肺炎支原体合并病毒感染与其它4组相比差异更明显.

Objective To study the clinical features of infantile pneumonia induced by different pathogens .Methods Retro-spective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 133 children ＆lt;3 years old who were hospitalized for pneumoia between Octorber 2014 and April 2015.The children were divided into 5 groups according to pathogenesis：simplex virus infection（group A,n=27）,simplex bacteri-al infection（group B,n=24）,simplex mycoplasma pneumoniae infection （group C,n=20）,mycoplasma and virus coinfection （group D,n=40）,and mycoplasma and bacterial coinfection（group E,n=22）.The five groups were compared in terms of their clinical symptoms ,chest X-ray findings,extra-pulmonary manifestationand hospital stays .Results Wheezing in group D was more frequent than the other four groups . Compared with group A and C,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The X-ray results of group A and D showed more little patchy shadow,having no difference in both groups （P＆gt;0.05）,which was significantly different compared with group C （P〈0.05）.The difference of the extrapulmonary complications in five groups was significantly different （P〈0.05）.Compared with the other four groups ,the hepatic function damage,myocardial and gastrointestinal damage and convulsions in group D ,was significantly different （P〉0.05）.The difference of the hospital stays in five groups was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Compared with group C and E,the hospital stays in group A was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The clinical characteristics are different induced by different pathogens in infantile pneumonia ,especially mycoplasma and virus coinfection compared with the other pathogens .