2010-2014年新疆某医院外籍住院患者人口与疾病特征变化趋势分析

Study on the changing trends in disease spectra of inpatients from foreign countries in a hospital of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2014

目的：调查分析某大型医院2010—2014年外籍住院患者人口与疾病特征变化趋势,为提高涉外医疗服务与管理水平提供依据。方法回顾性调查新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2010—2014年收治的外籍患者,对其人口及疾病特征资料进行趋势分析。结果收治2816例外籍患者中男性1379例,女性1437例,平均年龄43.4岁,30~59岁患者居多,占58.8％,但20~29岁外籍患者人数构成呈上升趋势,反映新疆外籍就诊患者有年轻化态势,差别有统计学意义（χ2=42.57,P=0.011）。外籍患者来自34个国家和地区,主要为哈萨克斯坦患者,占80.26％,5年中塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和俄罗斯患者构成比呈上升趋势（χ2=208.85,P〈0.01）。肿瘤外科出院患者最多,占10.05％。就诊疾病中主要以影响健康状况和与保健机构接触的因素最多占14.10％,其次为循环系统疾病,肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病、消化系统疾病和肿瘤,其中循环系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病患者构成比逐年下降,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义（χ2=35.174,P=0.019）。结论新疆外籍患者来源以中亚地区为主,医院应充分体现多元文化理念,与患者建立良好的沟通,通过优化就诊流程,提供良好的就医环境和人性化的医疗服务,充分发挥多学科协作,提供高效、优质的涉外医疗服务。

Objective To investigate the demographic characteristics and disease spectrum of inpatients from foreign countries in General Hospital of Xinjiang in 2010-2014, and to provide a basis for improving the foreign medical service and man-agement level. Methods The general information and clinical data of foreign inpatients in The people＇ Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results Totally 2 816 patients were enrolled in this study. Among them there were 1 379 males and 1 437 females, with an average age of 43. 4 years old. The majority of patients （58. 8%） were between 30 and 59 years old. But the composition ratio of foreign patients aged 20 to 29 increased from 2010 to 2014, reflecting younger trend of foreign patients in Xinjiang, and the difference was statis-tically significant （χ2=42. 57,P=0. 011）. These 2 816 patients were from 34 countries and regions, most of whom were from Kazakhstan （80. 26%）, and patients from Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia were on the rise in recent five years （χ2=208. 85, P〈0. 01）. Surgical oncology department had the largest number of patients （10. 05%）. The factors influencing health status and contact with the health care organization occupied 14. 10% of the total, followed by circulatory system diseases, musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, digestive system diseases and tumors. The proportion of circulatory system diseases, mus-culoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases were declining in recent five years （χ2=35. 174, P=0. 019）. Conclusion Most foreign patients came from Central Asia. The hospital should fully embody the idea of multiculturalism, establish good com-munication with patients, and improve the details of the process. Besides favorable hospitalization environment and patient-cen-tered services, coordination among different departments is also needed to offer high quality and effective medical services for these patients.