黔南州一起麻疹疫情医院内交叉感染的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of nosocomial cross infection:a report of measles outbreak in Qiannan

目的:描述与分析黔南州一起麻疹疫情医疗机构院内交叉感染,为制定相应控制措施提供依据。方法:现场调查,并收集相关资料,采用描述性流行病学研究方法进行探讨与分析。结果:该起疫情共报告麻疹实验室确诊病例6例,病例发生在时间与空间上呈聚集性分布,流行形式为同源暴发;年龄结构呈非麻疹类疫苗接种对象之外的小年龄与大年龄"双相移位"现象。结论:医疗机构作为各类疾病最为集中的特定场所,无疑是传染病扩散的最佳集散地。在人与人接触频率非常高的病区环境中,一旦易感者呈聚集性分布,当传染源传入时,就会发生暴发流行。

Objective： To describe and analyze a measles outbreak with nosocomial cross infection in Qiannan, so as to provide evidence for the corresponding control measures. Methods： Field investigation was performed using descriptive epidemiological methods, and the relevant data was collected and analyzed. Re- sults： A total of 6 cases of measles laboratory confirmed cases were reported. Cases occurred in a clustering time and space distribution with the popular forms of homologous outbreaks. Age structure is not outside of measles vaccination object small and old age ＂ dual phase shift＂ phenomenon. Conclusion： Medical institu- tions are the distribution center spread of infectious diseases due to the focus of all kinds of diseases. In the environment with high frequency of person to person contact, outbreak occurs in susceptible people once the source of infection was introduced.