氨基酸硒对桃设施栽培环境适应性的影响

Effects of selenoamino acids addition on the adaptability of peach(Prunus persica) to the condition of protected cultivation

探讨了硒提高桃适应设施栽培环境的效果,为提高设施桃的环境适应能力和改善果实品质调控技术提供依据。以4年生桃设施栽培的主栽品种中油4号油桃和春雪毛桃为试验材料,研究氨基酸硒对桃光合作用光响应曲线、二氧化碳响应曲线、温度响应曲线和蒸腾速率的影响。喷施氨基酸硒使设施桃的光补偿点和二氧化碳补偿点显著降低,表观量子效率和羧化效率显著提高,使设施桃净光合速率在高温条件下保持较高数值且呈平稳状态,显著促进了设施桃的蒸腾作用。喷施氨基酸硒显著增强了桃对设施弱光、二氧化碳浓度低、高温和高湿环境的适应能力,为设施桃品质的改善奠定了良好基础,因此,喷施氨基酸硒是一项切实可行的提高桃对设施环境适应能力的重要农艺措施。

To study the effects of application of selenoamino acids（ Se-aa） on the physiological parameters of peach tree and its adaptability to the protected cultivation condition,an experiment was carried using two 4-year-old peach（ Prunus persica）cultivars（ ‘No. 4 Zhongyou＇nectarine and‘Springsnow＇peach） which were cultivated in greenhouse as experimental materials. The results showed that Se-aa addition significantly decreased light compensation point and CO2 compensation point of peach plant,but significantly increased apparent quantum efficiency and carboxylation efficiency. Meanwhile,Se-aa addition improved net photosynthetic rate of protected peach plant under the condition of high temperature,and significantly improved the peach transpiration. These results fully showed that Se-aa addition significantly enhanced the adaptability of peach to the weak light condition with low concentration of CO2,high temperature and high humidity under protected cultivation,which could be helpful for improveing the quality of peach fruits. It could be concluded that Se-aa addition could be taken as a practical measure to simultaneously improve adaptability of fruit trees to the environment of protected cultivation.