介词in和within的认知对比分析

Cognitive Comparison Between Preposition “In”and “Within”

介词in和within意义上有相似之处,学习者在理解和应用过程中时常混淆。运用原型范畴理论和意向图式理论分析原型语义,提出两个介词的第一个差异:in体现出了容器图式,而within则是中心-边缘的范例;两个介词存在着隐喻意义扩展能力的不同,in所拓展的目标域比within要多,隐喻引申也就更多。教师在教学中应该多从认知角度出发,解释词义的认知来源,启发学生摆脱表征现象而深究认知根源,教师和学生都将受益匪浅。

The similar meanings of preposition ＂in＂ and ＂within＂ are confusing for language learners. The proto- type theory and image schema reveal the first difference between them that is preposition ＂in＂ is container schema but preposition ＂within＂ is center - periphery schema. The second difference is metaphorical extension. Metaphorical extension of preposition ＂in＂ is much wider than preposition ＂within＂. It will be mutual beneficial for teachers and students if the teachers can explain the word meaning from cognitive point of view and encourage students to explore the cognitive origin instead of the appearance of words.