表面积尘对集热器盖板透射比影响的实验研究

Experimental research on the effect of surface dust on transmission ratio of collector plate

由于太阳能集热器长期放置在室外,不可避免在其表面会产生积尘。据光学理论,平板型集热器盖板的太阳透射比与真空管集热器外玻璃管的透光率均降低,尤其对于平板型太阳能集热器的影响较大。本次研究制作平板型集热器的盖板试片,将多片盖板试片以不同时间、不同角度放置在室外无遮挡处,采用自热降尘的方式得到测试样板。在相同的测试条件下进行积尘板与清洁板测试,获得大量客观数据,通过数据分析,明晰积尘量大小的影响因素,以及积尘对集热器盖板透射比的影响。本研究为平板集热器的设计、安装与维护提供参考。

As the solar collector is placed outdoors for a long time,the surface will be covered by dust inevitably.According to the optical theory,the solar transmittance of flat-plate collector＇s cover plate and vacuum tube collector＇s outside glass tube will decrease,especially the flat-plate solar collector.Some cover plate specimens of the flat-plate collector were made,and then they were put outside without sunscreen at different angles for different time.The test samples were obtained through natural dust fall.The dust plates and clean plates were tested under the same test condition,and a lot of objective data were obtained.Through the data analysis,the influencing factors of dust amount and the dust influence on the collector plate transmission ratio were clear.This study provides reference for the design,installation and maintenance of the flat-plate solar collector.