物流产业集群“生态位适宜度”实证研究

An Empirical Research on the“Niche-fitness”of Logistics Industrial Clusters

文章将物流产业集群复合生态系统视为"生态场",把生态位适宜度理论引入集群适宜性评价中,以我国27省市物流业集群发展为研究对象,从资源生态位、市场生态位、制度生态位、技术生态位4个"生态势"角度构建区域物流集群的评价指标体系,运用生态位适宜度评估模型测算27省市的生态势因子谱系和集群生态位综合适宜度。结果表明:中国物流业集群具有异质性和阶梯性;物流业集群呈现出地理禀赋型、内生依附型集群、资源共享型集群、政策嵌入型集群4大类型。最后从"生态物流"、"静脉物流"、"智慧物流"和"影子物流"4个角度提出了优化物流业集群生态位的对策建议。

The paper sees logistics industrial clusters complex ecosystem as the“ecological field”,introduces niche-fitness theory into clusters suitability evaluation,takes the logistics industrial clusters development of 27 province-level administrative areas as the research object,constructs the evaluation index system of regional logistics clusters from the four perspective of“ecological situations”of resource niche,market niche,institutional niche and technology niche,and employs niche suitability evaluation model to estimate ecological potential factor pedigree and integrated clusters of niche-fitness in the above 27 areas. The results indicate that：China’s logistics industrial clusters present the nature of heterogeneity and ladder. China’s logistics industrial clusters can be divided into four major types：geographical endowments,endogenous dependent, resource sharing and policy embedded. Finally,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the logistics industrial clusters niches from four angles of“ecological logistics”,“venous logistics”,“wisdom logistics”and“shadow of logistics”.