公安派的唐宋诗观及其诗学影响

Conception of Gong'an School about the Poems of Tang,Song Dynasty and Its Influence

公安派的主要成就是变革晚明文学思潮,而公安派之所以取得这样的成就,除了大家所熟知的公安派"独抒性灵,不拘格套"的诗学观的提出;公安派对晚明时期唐宋诗学的建构对晚明诗坛也产生巨大影响,而这一点往往为大家所忽略。明代复古派的理论核心是推尊汉魏、初盛唐诗,并以此典范创建了自身的诗学理论,形成格调论的诗学观。复古派的唐诗观是其诗学思想的基石,公安派则对唐诗的评价做出了极大的革新,并对复古派极力贬低的宋诗进行肯定。最终,公安派迥异于复古派的唐宋诗观与其"独抒性灵,不拘格套"的诗学思想相辅相成,极大地变革着晚明的诗坛。

The main achievement of the Gong'an School was that it changed the literary trend of the late Ming Dynasty and created its own innovative poetics. In addition to this,the Gong'an School'also made a constructive study on the poems of Tang and Song and had a huge influence on the poets of the late Ming,which,however,is always left in the basket. The Literary Restoration School in Ming Dynasty praised highly the poetic tradition of Han and Wei and the poems of the early Tang,and established its poetic theory based on them,especially on the Tang poetry. The Gong'an School challenged the poetic conception of the Literary Restoration School and made a different evaluation of Tang poetry,and it also gave a positive affirmation of the achievements of Song poetry which was underestimated by the Literary Restoration School.Finally, the Gong'an School immensely trans-formed the Parnassus of late Ming dynasty.