增氧灌溉对杂交水稻分蘖期的影响研究

Effects of Oxygation on Hybrid Rice in Tillering Stage

为调控杂交水稻早生快发,促进高成穗率、高结实率,采用增氧灌溉技术进行模拟微区试验,通过检测分蘖动态、成穗率、分蘖期根系活力和光合特征等指标,研究不同增氧灌溉对杂交水稻分蘖期的影响规律。结果表明:不同增氧灌溉处理,在分蘖期的单穴最大分蘖数、单穴有效分蘖数、株高、根系活力、根系发达程度、生物量积累和光合特征指标都明显优于常规灌溉对照处理。白天增氧灌溉处理组相比夜间处理组根系更为发达,但是夜间处理更有利提高株高和根系活力(CK<A1<A2<A3<B1<B2<B3),B3处理TTC还原氧化强度相比CK提高了84.5%。在试验设计范围内单穴最大分蘖数随增氧灌溉频率降低而增加(A3>A2>A1>CK和B3>B2>B1>CK),但是单穴有效穗数和成穗率却大致随着增氧灌溉频率的增加而提高。相比对照处理,各增氧灌溉处理有利于提高光合速率,降低蒸腾速率。

In order to regulate rearly and quick growth of hybird rice,and promote effective spike rate and ripening rate,through testing tiller dynamic,effective spike rate,root activity,photosynthetic characteristics,etc,the effects of different oxygation treatments on hybrid rice in the tillering stage were studied by using oxygation simulation plot experiment. The results showed that the maximum tiller number and effective tiller number of single point,plant high,root activity,rooting rate,biomass accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics index in the tillering stage of the rice with different oxygation treatments were all superior to those of the rice with conventional irrigation treatments. Compared with oxygation treatments during the day,oxygation during night was not helpful to develop root system,but favorable to plant height and root activity（ CK〉 A1 〉A2〉 A3〉 B1〉 B2〉 B3）. The TTC reductive and oxidation intensity of B3 treatment was higher by 84. 5% than CK. The maximum tiller number of single point increased with increasing frequency of oxygation treatment in the experimentaldesign range（ A3〉 A2〉 A1〉 CK and B3〉 B2 〉B1 〉CK）. But the effective panicle number of single point and panicle rate increased approximately with the increase of frequency. Compared with CK treatment,oxygation treatment increased photosynthetic rate and decreased transpiration rate.