马家柚果实品质与土壤、叶片、果实矿质养分的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis Between Fruit Quality of Majia Pumelo and Soil Nutrients,Leaf and Fruit Mineral Nutrients

对江西省广丰县5个乡镇的马家柚果园的叶片和果实矿质养分含量及果实品质进行调查,运用WPS和SPSS软件对数据同时进行相关性分析及多元线性逐步回归分析,筛选出影响马家柚果实品质的主要土壤、叶片养分和果实矿质养分因子。结果表明,不同果园土壤、叶片、果实矿质养分及品质存在较大差异;土壤、叶片、果实矿质养分与果实品质间均存在较强的相关性。多元分析结果表明,马家柚果实中可溶性固形物含量与土壤有效铜呈正相关,与叶片中的磷、钾和果实中的锰、锌呈负相关;可滴定酸与土壤有效锰、叶片中的镁、果实中的铁呈正相关,与土壤有机质呈负相关;Vc与果实中的铜呈正相关,与土壤有效铁、叶片中的磷呈负相关;总糖与土壤有机质呈正相关,与土壤有效铁、叶片中的钾、果实中的锰呈负相关;与单果质量呈负相关的有土壤有效锌、叶片中的氮、锌、果实中的铜;果皮厚度与叶片中的锌、果实中的铜呈负相关;出汁率与土壤p H、有效铜、叶片中的氮、果实中的铁呈正相关,与果实中的锌呈负相关。综合采用土壤、叶片、果实矿质分析可较好地反映马家柚果实品质;将土壤p H调节至5.5-6.5,适当增施有机肥和锌肥、钙肥,对于生产高糖低酸,Vc含量丰富的马家柚具有重要作用。

Using canonical correlation analysis and multivariate analysis in the SPSS software,the main affecting factors of soil nutrients,leaf and fruit mineral nutrients were find out after an investigation of soil nutrient,leaf and fruit mineral nutrients,fruit qualities in Majia pomelo orchards of 5 townships in Guanfeng,Jiangxi Province. The result showed that multivariate analysis was suitable for this test and there were significant differences in soil nutrients,leaf and fruit mineral nutrients among different orchards. The correlations between soil nutrients,leaf and fruit mineral nutrients and fruit qualities were strong. The fruit soluble solids had positive correlation with available Cu in soil,and negative correlation with P,K in leaves and Mn,Zn in fruits. The titratable acid had positive correlation with available Mn in soil,Mg in leaves and Fe in fruits,and negative correlation with soil organic matter（ OM）. The Vc had positive correlation with Cu in fruits,and negative correlation with available Fe in soil and P in leaves. The total sugar had positive correlation with OM,and negative correlation with available Fe in soil,correlation with OM,and negative correlation with available Fe in soil,K in leaves and Mn in fruits. The fruit mass had negative correlation with available Zn in soil,N,Zn in leaves and Cu in fruits. The pericarp thickness had negative correlation with Zn in leaves and Cu in fruits. The juice yield had positive correlation with p H and available Cu in soil,N in leaves and Fe in fruits,and negative correlation with Zn in fruits. Using a combination of soil nutrients,leaf and fruit analysis could better reflect the fruit quality. Adjusting the p H to 5. 5- 6. 5 and increasing the content of OM in soil and Ca,Zn in leaves could promote the production of Majia pomelo with high content of total sugar and Vc and low content of acid.