不同温度下新疆棉蚜实验种群生命表研究

Life Table of Aphis gossypii Experimental Population( Homoptera: Aphididae)Under Different Temperatures in Xinjiang

为了探讨温度对棉蚜生命参数的影响,研究了18℃、21℃、24℃、27℃、30℃和33℃共6个温度下棉蚜的发育、存活和生殖,组建了实验种群生命表。结果表明：在18-30℃,棉蚜发育历期先缩短后延长,在27℃需要时间最短,为4.18 d;棉蚜发育起点温度为5.0℃,有效积温为92.85 d·℃。在18-30℃,随着温度升高每雌产蚜量先增多后减少,27℃时最大值为64.5头。棉蚜内禀增长率（Rm）随着温度升高先增大后减小,在27℃时最大,为0.361;在33℃棉蚜不能存活。

Temperature is an important factor to affect the insect population growth,survival and reproduction of life activities. To investigate the effects of temperature on the life table parameters of Aphis gossypii（ Homoptera：Aphididae）,a laboratory experiment was conducted to study the development,reproduction and life table of the cotton aphid at six constant temperature ranged from 18 ℃ to 33 ℃. The results showed that the development rate of immatures increased from 18 ℃ to an optimum around 27 ℃ and then declined. The estimated lower developmental threshold was 5. 0 ℃,and the effective accumulative temperature 92. 85 degree days were required for development from the first instar to adult. The average number of offspring produced per female increased and then declined,and the maximum value was 64. 5 at 27 ℃. The intrinsic rate of increase（ Rm） increased and then declined,the maximum value was 0. 361 at 27 ℃,and that 33 ℃ constant temperature is beyond the upper limit for reproduction. The observations provide parameters for development of a reliable pest population prediction system and management strategies in Xinjiang.