媒介与社区赋权：语境、路径和挑战

Study of Media Performance in China's Community Empowerment:Context,Approaches and Challenge

近年来,我国的民众利益表达与基层社会管理之间由于缺乏多元协商机制而陷入刚性博弈。随着社区生活的发展成熟,社区居民自我赋权的意识和能力逐渐增强。媒介既是凝聚社区民意、增强自我认同的重要途径,也在维护权益、争取资源的同时实现了在地发声和传播民主化,满足了社区赋权"主体性"、"在地化"和"实效性"的要求。特别是新媒体的发展成熟,实现了线上线下的连结,成为社区赋权的有力途径。媒介与社区赋权的路径主要集中在文化认同和集体抗争两个纬度,分别具有不同的作用模式。植根于中国语境的媒介社区赋权在研究与实践中均强调赋权中"他助",但从赋权的本质出发还需培育社区居民的主体性,探寻公民、媒介和社会三者之间的可持续互动关系。

With the rapid development of the new media, the interplay of online discussion and offline action is becoming a frequently happened phenomenon in China which fosters citizens＇ community empowerment. There are two main approaches to interpret media performance in community empowerment. One is to cultivate people＇s cultural identity. Another is to mobilizecollective contest. Community media functions differently in the two dimensions. Rooted in the Chinese context, the current research and practice on media and community empowerment usually emphasis on ＂the Other-Help＂. However, the future researches need to shed light on the subjectivity of the community residents so as to explore the power and communicative relationships among citizens, media and society.