遗传与环境因素对青少年暴力行为影响的双生子研究

A twin study on genetic and environmental factors of adolescents violence behaviors

目的探讨遗传与环境因素对青少年暴力行为的影响。方法采用青少年危险行为问卷（RBQ-A）评定重庆市11~18岁111对双生子的暴力行为,采用一般情况问卷、父母的养育方式和维度问卷（PSDQ）、应激生活事件（SLE）、Mac Master家庭活动计划一般功能量表（FAD-GFS）等量表调查双生子环境因素,通过OPEN-MX软件构建单因素结构方程模型,分析加性遗传因素、共享环境因素、个体特异性环境因素对双生子暴力行为的影响。结果在暴力行为总变异方差中加性遗传效应占0.41（95%CI 0.19~0.58）、个体特异性环境因素分别占0.59（95%CI 0.42~0.81）;暴力行为与权威型养育方式呈负相关（r=-0.140,P〈0.05）,与专制型养育方式呈正相关（r=0.133,P〈0.05）;与家庭功能、应激生活事件、父母的教育程度、职业及母孕期情况等相关性不明显。结论青少年暴力行为指标受遗传和特殊环境因素的共同影响,受环境的影响较大,父母的教育方式对该指标具有一定的影响。

Objective To explore the influence of genetic and environmental factors on adolescents violence behaviors. Methods The violence behaviors of 111 twin pairs from Chongqing（ aged from 11 to 18 years） were investigated with risk behavior questionnaire-adolescent（ RBQ-A）. The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire（ PSDQ） and Stressful Life Event（ SLE） and the General Functioning Scale of the Mac Master Family Activity Device（ FAD-GFS） were applied to assess their environment factors. Structural equation modeling was performed to evaluate the effects of the additive genetic factors（ A）, shared environment factors（ C） and individual specific environmental factors（ E） on the adolescents violence behaviors. Results The effects of A and E on adolescents violence behaviors were 0. 41（ 95% CI 0. 19- 0. 58） and 0. 59（ 95% CI 0. 42- 0. 81） respectively. There were significantly negative correlation between violence behaviors and authoritative-parenting-style（ r =- 0. 140,P〈0. 05）,the score of adolescents violence behaviors was positively correlated with repressive-parenting-style score（ r = 0. 133,P〈0. 05）,the score of adolescents violence behaviors were not significantly correlated with the family functions,stress life events and the parenting education level and occupation. Conclusion Adolescents violence behaviors were influenced by additive genetic factors and individual specific environmental factors.Environmental plays an important role. It should not been ignored that parental rearing pattern play a role in adolescents violence behaviors.