樟树叶提取物及其复配剂对竹材的防霉抑菌效果

Effects of camphor leaf extractives and its complex formation on fungal and mold resistance of bamboos

为了研制开发竹材用低毒高效防霉剂,对樟树叶提取物及复配试剂进行抑菌实验和竹材防霉实验,分析不同类型试剂对黑曲霉、桔青霉和绿色木霉的抑制能力,比较提取物自身的抑菌性能和对竹材的防霉效果。抑菌实验表明,樟树叶提取物质量分数10%的试剂对3种霉菌的抑制作用最显著,樟树叶提取物试剂中加入适量二癸基二甲基氯化铵(DDAC)可有效提高抑菌能力,DDAC质量分数0.1%的复配试剂抑菌能力提高最明显。而竹材防霉实验表明,质量分数10%樟树叶提取物防治效力达到75%,加入质量分数0.1%DDAC的复配试剂的防治效力仅为41.75%,表明樟树叶提取物有望成为竹材生物防霉剂。

Camphor leaves are rich in natural antimicrobial substances such as linalool, so they are applied to the development of medical antibacterial and wood preservation as environmentally friendly agents from biological source. In order to develop low-toxic and high-efficiency fungicide for bamboos, experiments were carried out to study the effects of camphor leaf extractives and its complex formation on fungal and mold resistance of bamboos. The preventing efficiency of different agents on Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum and Trichoderma viride were analyzed. The results indicated that the agent with 10% camphor leaf extraetives exhibited the best antifungal performance. The addition of DDAC could significantly improve the antifungal performance of the agent, and its optimal content was 0.1%. The mold resistance experiments on bamboos indicated that the preventing efficiency of 75% could be achieved by applying 10% camphor leaf extractives, while the preventing efficiency of the complex formation with 0. 1% DDAC was only 41.75%. Therefore camphor leaf extractives were potential natural sources of mold inhibitor for bamboos.