乾隆帝用兵统一准噶尔蒙古的决策刍议——以乾隆帝在热河的活动为例

Discussion about Emperor Qianlong's Decision in Unifying Junggar Mongolia——A Case Study of Emperor Qianlong's Activities in Jehol

准噶尔蒙古问题是清朝中央政权颇为头疼的边疆问题,继康熙、雍正两朝,乾隆朝也经历了"和"与"战"决策过程。乾隆十九年,乾隆皇帝夏、冬两赴热河,亲自接见杜尔伯特三策凌、阿睦尔撒纳,为经理西陲之始,成为其决策出兵的关键时期。本文以《钦定热河志》[1]、《军机处满文准噶尔使者档译编》[2]为依据,以乾隆皇帝在热河活动为切入点,探讨乾隆帝用兵统一准噶尔蒙古的决策及实施过程。

The problem of Junggar Mongolia was the torture frontier problem for Qing dynasty＇s central government. Following the period of Kangxi and Yongzheng, the decision-making process of ＂peace＂ or ＂force＂ had been experienced in Qianlong period. In the summer and winter of the nineteen years of Qianlong period, Emperor Qianlong went to Jehol twice, and met Three Celing of Dorbod and Amu＇ersana, which was the beginning of the governing of the Western Regions of China, and it became a crucial period for deciding to send in troops. In this paper, the process of decision-making and implementation of fighting and unifying Junggar Mongolia by Emperor Qianlong is discussed based on Regius Jehol Chorography and Translation and Compile of the Archives of Junggar Emissary in Manchu Script by the Grand Council, with Emperor Qianlong＇s activities in Jehol as an example.