梯级水库群发电优化调度的大系统分解协调模型

Large system decomposition-coordination model for optimal power-generation scheduling of cascade reservoirs

针对标准动态规划算法应用于梯级水库群发电优化调度求解时的"维数灾"问题,基于大系统分解协调原理建立了二级(分解、协调)递阶结构的梯级水库群发电优化调度模型。在分解级,应用多线程技术实现了标准动态规划算法的并行化,以对分解后的单库子系统进行优化求解;单库子系统间的耦合关联作为协调级,反复与分解级交换信息,经迭代计算求得模型的最优解。通过应用于李仙江三库梯级系统的实例验证分析,结果表明该方法可在一定程度上提高求解效率,为复杂工程系统优化提供了理论参考。

A new optimization model of double-level hierarchical structure has been developed in this study for power-generation scheduling of cascade reservoirs by the principle of large-scale system decomposition-coordination to solve the problem of curse of dimensionality in the standard dynamic programming algorithm. At the level of its system decomposition, multi-thread technology is applied to parallelization of standard dynamic programming that solves an optimization problem for each subsystem of a single reservoir. At the coordination level, different single-reservoir subsystems are coupled and the corresponding information is exchanged iteratively with the level of decomposition to obtain an optimal solution of the system. This model along with the parallelization algorithm was applied to the optimal scheduling of a three-reservoir cascade system in the Lixian River basin. Results show that the method is effective and can improve the efficiency of large system optimization, and thus it would provide theoretical reference for the optimization of complex engineering systems.