非期望刺激的生态意义信息对无意视盲的影响:情绪效价和精细程度的作用

The Effect of Ecological Significance to Unexpected Stimuli on Inattentional Blindness: The Role of Emotional Valence and Fine Degree

采用Most(2000)的持续动态的实验范式,以圆圈、抽象面孔和真实面孔为非期望刺激,研究其生态意义信息对无意视盲的影响。研究发现:(1)相对于正性面孔和中性面孔,被试对负性面孔作为非期望刺激时的觉察率更高;而对正性面孔和中性面孔作为非期望刺激时的觉察率无显著性差异;(2)相对于圆圈,抽象面孔和真实面孔作为非期望刺激的觉察率更高,而抽象面孔与真实面孔作为非期望刺激时的觉察率均无显著性差异。结果表明,负性的、精细的非期望刺激的无意视盲率更低,即生态意义信息强的非期望刺激更易捕获注意。

This study adopts the sustained IB paradigm from Most S B（ 2000）. This study takes circles,abstract faces（ positive,neutral and negative faces） and real faces（ positive,neutral and negative,and the balance of the gender effect） as unexpected stimuli,to study the effect of ecology on IB. The experimental findings are as following：（ 1） Compared to the positive faces and neutral ones,awareness rate of subjects is significantly higher than negative faces as unexpected stimuli; while awareness rate to positive faces and neutral faces is not much different.（ 2） Relative to circles,the awareness rate to abstract faces and real faces as unexpected stimuli is higher,while awareness rate to the abstract faces and real faces is not much different. In a word,the IB rate of negative and fine unexpected stimuli is lower,namely unexpected stimuli of strong ecological significance more easily captures attention.