4种工厂化食用菌菌糠的主要营养成分及重金属分析

Analysis on Nutrients and Heavy Metals of Four Edible Fungi Residue in the Factory Production

分别收集了4种工厂化栽培食用菌菌糠,利用硫酸混合加速剂火焰光度法、干灰化法等检测方法对样品中的氮、磷、钾、碳、钙、镁等13个指标进行测定,研究菌糠基础成分及污染特征。结果表明,各类菌糠营养成分丰富;菌糠当中碳与灰分、铬与灰分、汞与镉、砷与镉以及砷与汞之间相关极显著,相关系数分别为0.985、-0.980、0.995、0.976及0.951。各种成分的含量与不同栽培原料中各成分的含量,以及栽培食用菌品种对各成分的转移程度有直接的关系。根据它们之间的相关性,可以在栽培食用菌过程中利用一些指标含量控制其他指标的含量,实现更高的生物转化率,降低菌糠污染。

In order to explore the composition and pollution characteristics, four kinds of edible fungus residue were collected from different factory production in Chunan county, Hangzhou city and Jiangshan city, China. The samples of nitrogen, phospho- rus, potassium, carbon, calcium, magnesium, and other 13 indexes of the fungi residue were determined using mixed sulfate ac- celerator falme photometry, dry ashing method etc. Results showed that all kinds of mushroom bran were rich in nutrients. The correlation was significant between carbon and ash, chrome and ash, mercury and cadmium, arsenic and cadmium, arsenic and mercury in the fungi residue, and the correlation coefficients were 0.985, -0.980, 0.995, 0.976 and 0.951 respectively. The con- tent of the various components were directly relationship with the component content of raw material for cultivation, and the metastasis degree through cultivated varieties of edible fungi. According to the correlation between them, we can use content of some indexes to control the content of other indicators in the cultivation, and can achieve higher biological conversion rate, and reduce the pollution of fungi residue.